Does the type make the man?
Hell no. Typology is far too general to really capture the essence of who a person is, beyond a rough measuring stick as to their temperament. It tells us how we
function, and what our strengths and weaknesses are on that basis, but it doesn't even come close to describing our whole personalities, which are the sum of our experiences, upbringing and heritage.
Or the man make the type?
Probably not. A person can willingly, consciously change their type, but it's extremely difficult. A Perceiver, for example, can
act like a Judger (Organized, deliberate, planned, meticulous), but he will probably never
feel like a Judger (Compulsively determined to finishing everything he starts).
Does the very act of taking these personality tests, change your personality?
If so, how?
It could, if you let your personality be determined by the archetype of your given type (which it doesn't have to -- as I mentioned, personality ranges much broader than type). Changing your type as a result of taking a Myers-Briggs test is unlikely, though.