Pretty sure that SSRIs increase extraversion.
Apparently, it not only treats their state, it increases sociability.Yes, but it's the healthy (or at least healthier) state of said person. Both depression and anxiety, especially social anxiety, are going to make a person seem and act more introverted. So the treatment is going to allow the person to be more fully him/herself, I think.
[FONT="]For instance, in 1999, Swedish researchers observed the impact of SSRIs on depressed patients treated in a general practice setting. Most improved—but the more interesting findings concerned personality traits.[/FONT]
[FONT="]The study tracked measures of socialization and social desirability and assessed patients’ levels of aggression, attachment, suspicion, and obsessiveness—25 traits in all. The authors observed: “After treatment, significant changes in the direction of normalization were seen in all scales.†The patients’ gains in sociability appeared to be independent of changes in their moods. The researchers believed that they were seeing a medication-induced shift in temperament.[/FONT]
Apparently, it not only treats their state, it increases sociability.
E - Found it.
Antidepressants don’t just treat depression–they can make us more sociable, too — Quartz
While I hear you, consider introversion and extraversion and how the brain routes dopamine. With extraverts, it takes a shorter route. With introverts, it takes a longer route. Bear in mind that not all introverts suffer from depression or neuroticism. With this in mind, consider how SSRIs also impact on dopamine flow.The problem I have is the very limited view of what depression is and what it does to a person. Yes, it's a mood disorder. But it creates a vicious circle where the person often, not being fun to be around, ends up not being around others very much, which makes the person feel more and more isolated, which can lead to more isolation and more depression. It's not having the energy to go out and do things. It's not being able to enjoy things one once did enjoy and likely shared with others. It makes one more introverted and focused on self and what's wrong with self and the very pain in being one's self. In terms of the article, I have trouble separating neuroticism and depression entirely. At some point it becomes a which came first? The chicken or the egg. And on a practical level I'm not sure it matters.
If you follow the link to one of the studies, it says "Results from longitudinal studies have consistently shown that neuroticism predicts both the onset and the chronicity of major depressive disorder (MDD)" and "Neuroticism, therefore, appears to reflect much of the genetic vulnerability to MDD". So it concludes neuroticism comes first.
Is it the healthy & happier version of ourselves that is our real self or the unhealthy & more neurotic version? I know which one I'd rather have and be. Who defines what is authentically us? What makes it authentic? Genes? Inner peace?
Now, however, Fu-Ming Zhou (presently at the University of Tennessee) and colleagues at Baylor College of Medicine have revealed that SSRIs can have more complex effects on neurotransmitter traffic in the brain than just altering serotonin levels. They found that higher serotonin concentrations caused by SSRIs can "trick" transporters of another key neurotransmitter, dopamine, into retrieving serotonin into dopamine vesicles. Dopamine transporters have a low affinity for serotonin, but the higher serotonin levels result in its uptake by the dopamine transporters, found the scientists.
As a result, the normal dopamine-triggered firing from such neurons, in essence, launches two different types of neuronal ammunition, causing "cosignaling."
The researchers were led to study the role of dopamine signaling in SSRI action by previous evidence that dopamine was involved in depression and in the function of antidepressants in the brain. They studied the nature and machinery of serotonin and dopamine signaling by treating mouse brain slices with fluoxetine (Prozac) and other chemicals, and analyzing the effects on the dopamine-signaling machinery.
How could certain disorders (personality disorders, for example) affect one's typing? I imagine it would make it more difficult. Curious to know more about the interaction, because I don't see it being discussed much.
Interestingly enough, ASPD has been significantly correlated with the NTP profile while NPD has no significant correlation to any type.Personality disorders often affect empathy, especially NPD and ASPD (Narcissistic Personality Disorder and Antisocial Personality disorder aka sociopaths/psychopaths) therefore making it near impossible if not impossible to accurately type someone.
Depression messes with empathy as well although not as badly as the disorders listed above and there is medication to consider too.
Personality disorders can loosely resemble certain stereotypes for example look at the ENTP/ESTP sociopath stereotype or the ENTJ/INTJ narcissist stereotype which are thrown around all the time when these types are being discussed. Of course they aren't accurate, and trying to type people with certain disorders isn't going to be accurate either.
Interestingly enough, ASPD has been significantly correlated with the NTP profile while NPD has no significant correlation to any type.
https://www.uccs.edu/Documents/dseg...igation-Jungs-types-and-PD-features-JPT-2.pdf
There's no significant correlation with STPs and ASPD.That's pretty interesting! I definitely think ENTP is the best correlation at least for the smarter/more calculated individuals who suffer from ASPD but ESTP/ISTP seems to fit the average ASPD profile much more accurately, young criminals who get caught fairly easily, unpredictable, extremely impulsive etc.
There's no significant correlation with STPs and ASPD.
Personality disorders are groupings of specific traits where magnitude defines pathology or not. The traits for most personality disorders are normal human behaviours.Your average STP acts very similarly and has many shared traits with your average psychopath, it's blatantly obvious if you observe enough STPs in real life. Even the usual STP profiles sound pretty much like they're describing someone who suffers from ASPD.
If real, observed behavior isn't significant then what is?
Personality disorders are groupings of specific traits where magnitude defines pathology or not. The traits for most personality disorders are normal human behaviours.
ESTPs and ENTPs are different. Otherwise, they'd be one type.