i think Te approach generally is too superficial(/statistical) view on things to contemplate on philosophy, but when Fi is dominating Te, it can offer depth to analysis similar way as Ti can. i think N is very important aspect to it too, because philosophy requires thinking, not only what is(based on sensory input), but also about that is beneath of it all.
i would say that INFJ, ENFJ, ENTP, INTP, ENFP and INFP are the types most interested in philosophy in general, but naturally other types can find something to analyze in philosophic ways. i think INTJs would be more about "isnt it weird that this or that" and sort of wondering about things that are.