Lots of scattered thoughts...
It says they took the MBTI, so I am guessing it is the official MBTI which is better than many online Jungian type tests; but I still wonder how much verification of type occurred post-test?
I think that more people could type as Ns than those who really have that preference because:
- Social values and climates vary and change. Many type profiles are outdated. Certain types are likely to gravitate towards the progressive values of the social climate in their youth, and you may not see their SJ "guardian mentality" until they have to guard those values as the world begins to shift in their older years. Also, beliefs and values, etc, are not personality types. The SJ guardian mentality could be geared towards a liberal viewpoint, for example (and I'd argue that many militant SJWs are such people :X ).
- Tests have awful questions:
• dated concepts and/or language (see social values changing)
• misleading language (ie feeling is presented as emotion; intuition is presented as imagination or even intelligence)
- Profiles have heavy N bias
• Many profiles start out telling you how rare/common a type is. How is that useful in anyway for typing yourself? The natural human tendency is to see yourself as unique, and this will produce a bias to relate to N profiles over S profiles.
• Other bias occurs in the language and phrasing used. It can make N types seem like they are clever, super intelligent, gifted, etc, and S types seems like bland everyday people. I think this is N bias, considering who often makes tests & writes profiles.
• The profiles are often written by N types, and they describe S types from an outside view, not how they experience themselves. According to Jung & Van der Hoop, Si types may actually be hyper aware of how they differ from "norms" or other people, which, IMO, may lead them to experience themselves differently than how they appear. That is really a risk with all types, and the best profiles are ones which actually tap into the ego itself, not a social role a person tends to take on (aka the writings of Keirsey

).
I recently was around a group who had done an unofficial MBTI online for fun, and most of them tested N, even though I think most of them are SJ. In discussing the results, it came to light that my high percentage of I and N were MUCH higher than everyone else's.
Percentage is not strength of preference, which is how people are tempted to interpret it. Because the test is an indicator of type, the percentage is an indicator of
how likely that is your preference, based on the questions asked. If the questions are poor or you don't see yourself clearly, etc, then it could indicate the wrong preference for you.
Apparently, that is quite common for even the official MBTI. It is something like 75% of people that mistype up to two letters initially (I don't recall the exact numbers). So for someone who scores close on a dichotomy, without verification of type, reading the "bordering" type profiles, etc, they may easily conclude they are the wrong type.
For SPs, there is a correlation with testing N and P, which suggests to me that SPs may test N types, as the test is not describing an N preference solely so much as it is testing a Pe preference. The test is possibly unable to divide the dichotomies cleanly because there is overlap between types who at first glance don't share a preference (ie all ExxPs are "Pe types" in Jungian typology). I see this with Feeling - it seems to test more for an xxFJ preference.
What I see in typology communities is far more people mistyping as Ns, especially INxx types, and then eventually retyping as sensing types and/or extroverts.
I DO think it is reasonable to consider there are more N types in the population than old stats suggest.
Am I wrong in reading the chart from the OP as having a higher percentage of people with IQ above 110 than probably occurs in the overall population? Isn't it only about 25% of people with an IQ of 100+ ? I honestly don't remember, but this looks high.
That touches on the matter of N types perhaps having higher concentration in above average IQ population and, just my conjecture, and that book smart people may mistype as N types due to all the bias for them.