1) What makes you angry? The following doesn't make me feel distilled anger, but more a mix of frustration, anxiety, and at its worst despair.
Situations where I end up feeling deeply hurt, but don't see how it was avoidable or how anyone did anything 'wrong'. I get frustrated with myself for feeling so hurt and internalize anger.
Also, people who are stupid and mean, and somehow gain an advantage by a simple willingness to be hurtful in an idiotic way. I feel angry when they appear to think they were clever, when in reality there were only willing to be more stupid and short-sighted than most people. There is of course some reason they do this.
Ganging up on someone, or seeing an unfair fight strikes a chord with me. I get angry when a bunch of people think they are superior and take to group-hate-think without any desire for understanding. When I see someone participate in that I will never trust them completely no matter if they show friendliness later. Wonderful people do it all the time, and it is why I don't tend to trust people in general. They are just as likely to join the witch hunt as they are to sandbag a flooding river to help the neighbor. People are like the wind, and change daily. I guess that makes me more disappointed and distrustful than angry, but there is some anger when it happens in a personal way.
2) Do you get angry often? Not often. The emotion that overwhelms me tends to be more sadness and despair related. Anger is usually experienced in conjunction with other emotions to a lesser degree.
3) How do you deal with the problem? I try to gain understanding by imagining the situation from the other person's perspective. When I do this I typically see a myriad of possibilities for their ideas and behavior. I then realize that my response is based on a fragmented view of reality. There is a sense of stepping back, viewing it at arms length, and realizing I can't see the whole picture and so withhold judgment. You can also learn a great deal about a person by the feeling they instill inside you. This is not consistent and is mixed in with the uniqueness of personal experience and interpretation, but someone who goes around making everyone feel 'stupid' has a high likelihood of knowing that feeling well. It can be the reason the person is so skilled at instilling it in other people. They know how that feeling operates, what triggers it, etc. When I look at the feeling at a distance, I suspect the other person knows it better than I do.
In my worst moments I turn it on myself in frustration and find some way to blame myself for it. That is the opposite of seeing the big picture. It is like falling into a Black Hole, a singularity of negativity and pain.
4) How quick are you to resolve this emotion? The simpler, external aspect gets resolved quickly - usually before it ever surfaces. If the event was significant, it is woven into a deeper fabric of my internal model of the world. It's not exactly an emotion at that point, but in the future it can realign with other related incidences and make the emotional impact more intense because it represents something about my understanding of reality itself, and not just a single incident.
5) When you get angry, are your friends and family generally surprised at the content that makes you so? No. My family has not seen me angry since around the age 10. Friends/relationships have seen me angry during an occasional miscommunications.